??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????.

???? ????????
?? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????. ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????. ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ???????????? ????????. ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????. ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? bifunctional? ?polyfunctional. ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? (????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????)? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? (????? ?????????? benzotriazole). ?????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????.

??? ????? ???????? ??:
?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????
sequestrants? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????
?????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????????
?????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????
1 ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?????
2 quenchers? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????????. ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? phenolates ??????
3 ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????. ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? (????)